THE SKELETON (PARA LOS QUE DESEEN AMPLIAR CONOCIMIENTOS)

Dejo estos contenidos para aquellos/as que queráis ampliar vuestro conocimientos sobre el esqueleto (vocabulario en inglés).




The skeletal system is grouped in two categories: Axial Skeleton (the vertical axis including skull, vertebral column and rib cage) and (2) Appendicular Skeleton (including shoulder girdle, arms, hips and legs).

Here is the outline of the skeleton (bone quantity is the number in parentheses):

AXIAL SKELETON (80)
Cranium (8)
Frontal (1), Parietal (2), Temporal (2), Sphenoid (1), Ethmoid (1), Occipital (1)

Facial Bones (14)
Mandible (1), Maxilla (2), Zygomatic (2), Nasal (2), Lacrimal (2), Palatine (2), Inferior Nasal Concha (2), Vomer (1)

Hyoid in neck (1)

Ear Ossicles (6)
Malleus (2), Incus (2), Stapes (2)

Vertebral Column (26)
Cervical Vertebrae, C1-C7 (7)
Thoracic Vertebrae, T1-T12 (12)
Lumbar Vertebrae, L1-L5 (5)
Sacrum, S1-S5 (5 fused into 1)
Coccyx (4 fused into 1)

Thorax (25)
Sternum (1)
True Ribs – 7 each side (14)
False Ribs – 3 each side (6)
Floating Ribs – 2 each side (4)

APPENDICULAR SKELETON (126)
Shoulder Girdle or Pectoral Girdle (4)
Clavicle (2)
Scapula (2)

Upper Limb (60)
Humerus (2)
Ulna (2)
Radius (2)
Carpals (16)
Scaphoid ()
Trapezium (2)
Capitate (2)
Trapezoid (2)
Lunate (2)
Triquetrum (2)
Pisiform (2)
Hamate (2)
Metacarpals – 5 on each side (10)
Phalanges – thumb (pollox 2X1), others 3X4 on each side (28)

Hip or Pelvic Girdle (2)
Coxal Bone (os coxae) are 3 fused pairs:
Ilium, Ischium, Pubis

Lower Limb (60)
Femur (2)
Patella, Knee Cap (2)
Tibia (2)
Fibula (2)

Tarsals (14)
Talus (2)
Calcaneus (2)
Cuboid (2)
Navicular (2)
Medial Cuneiform (2)
Intermedius Cuneiform (2)
Lateral Cuneiform (2)

Metatarsals – 5 on each side (10)
Phalanges